the four kinds of dark circle
Under-eye shadow rarely has one cause. Most people have a mix of two.
- Pigment. Genuine melanin in the skin — often genetic, common in deeper skin tones, and slow to change.
- Vascular. Blue-purple tone from vessels showing through thin skin; worse with fatigue and dehydration.
- Structural. A hollow or a fat pad casting a shadow. This is anatomy, not colour.
- Textural. Crepey, dehydrated skin that scatters light and reads as dull.
what an eye patch can and can't do
An eye mask is a hydration and cooling step. It reliably improves textural and vascular-looking circles: hydrated skin reflects light more evenly, and cooling reduces the congested look that makes shadows deeper in the morning.
It will not lighten genuine pigment, and it will not fill a structural hollow. Anyone selling a patch as a fix for either is overpromising.
a realistic routine
Fifteen minutes with a chilled copper peptide patch, gentle outward tapping with the ring finger, daily sunscreen over the orbital bone (sun exposure deepens pigment), and enough sleep to stop the vascular component compounding.
Give it four weeks before judging texture. The immediate change after a patch is real but temporary; the cumulative change is in how hydrated the skin stays.
